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gall stone disease+compilcations More PowerPoint presentations from Nishant Sagar

Color atlas of anatomy a photog. study of the human body 7th ed. - j. rohen, et al., (lippincott, 2011) ww from Medical Book's

anatomy - Scalp + face from MBBS IMS MSU

Blood supply of face from 1423262214

Blood supply of head and neck from Dr.Vamsi Reddy

External carotid artery from Manthru Naik Ramavath

Blood supply of git from Lawrence James

Arterial supply of the abdomen aorta.ppt from Bitew Mekonnen

Wagner Grading System for Diabetic Foot Infections - 0 - Intact Skin - 1 - Superficial ulcer of skin or subcutaneous tissue - 2 - Ulcers extend into tendon, bone, or capsule - 3 - Deep ulcer with osteomyelitis, or abscess - 4 - Gangrene of toes or forefoot - 5 - Midfoot or hindfoot gangrene

Anemia & vitamins from Amirnader Emami Razavi

Sunlight robbery - Vitamin D from TOP Technology Talks (TOP b.v.)

Scurvy Disease from dileepchimani

Vitamin c and the common cold from Corrie T

Lesions of oral cavity from joelslides

Vitamin A Deficiency from Sumayya Naseem

Vit a print from Psm Dept

http://www.bubblews.com/news/5763277-history-of-ginger

ANY BREACH OR DISCONTINUITY IN STOMACH'S INNER LINNING IS CALLED  GASTRIC ULCER here are a number of symptoms associated with stomach ulcers. ... Other common symptoms include: dull, burning pain in the stomach. weight loss. not wanting to eat because of pain. heartburn (burning sensation in the chest) pain improves when you eat, drink , or take antacids. nausea or vomiting. bloating. burping.

Dental Products: Processed Beverages & Foods: Pesticides: Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals: Mechanically Deboned Meat: Teflon Pans: Workplace Exposure:

The Food and Nutrition Board at the Institute of Medicine recommends the following dietary intake for fluoride: Infants 0 - 6 months: 0.01 milligrams per day (mg/day) 7 - 12 months: 0.5 mg/day Children 1 - 3 years: 0.7 mg/day 4 - 8 years: 1.0 mg/day 9 - 13 years: 2.0 mg/day Adolescents and Adults Males ages 14 to 18 years: 3.0 mg/day Males over 18 years: 4.0 mg/day Females over 14 years: 3.0 mg/day

Shallow breathing Slow heartbeart Tremors Vomiting Weakness Abdominal pain Abnormal taste   (salty or soapy taste) Convulsions Diarrhea Drooling Headache Heart attack Irregular heartbeat Nausea

Exposure to toxic chemicals including paint, industrial chemicals   lead  and cleaners, solvents, metal fumes, varnish,   rubber,  and antirust products Excessive consumption of zinc supplements or a daily diet that exceeds recommended daily requirements

Common symptoms of zinc poisoning Common symptoms of zinc poisoning include: Fever and chills Inability to urinate Metallic taste Seizures Shock Aches and pains Diarrhea Difficulty breathing Fainting or change in level of consciousness Vomiting Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice) Serious symptoms that might indicate a life-threatening condition In some cases, zinc poisoning can be life threatening.  Seek immediate medical care   (call 911)  if you, or someone you are with, have any of these life-threatening symptoms: Inability to urinate Persistent vomiting Seizure Convulsions Difficulty breathing Fainting or change in level of consciousness Shock Yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice)

A zinc deficiency can cause a lot of problems. Slow growth in children, loss of appetite, and low immune function are linked with moderate zinc deficiency. Severe zinc deficiency can cause: hair loss eye and skin lesions delayed wound healing changes in taste diarrhea weight loss Severely low zinc can cause hypogonadism in males and impotence

Hypertension (high blood pressure) is defined as blood pressure higher than 140/90 mmHg. Essential hypertension (high blood pressure with no underlying anatomic cause) accounts for 90% of hypertension in non-pregnant patients. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are among the leading causes of death among expectant mothers. Severe hypertension increases the mother's risk of heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and kidney failure. The baby is also at increased risk from complications, such as poor placental transfer of oxygen, growth restriction, premature birth, and placental abruption (separation of the placenta from the uterus). There are two different types of hypertension in pregnancy. One type is hypertension that was present before pregnancy and may be aggravated by pregnancy. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, on the other hand, begins during pregnancy, is caused by the pregnancy, and disappears after the delivery of the baby. Either type of hypertension may require the mothe

The symptoms of a nutritional deficiency depend on which nutrient the body lacks. However deficiencies can cause general symptoms. These include: Pallor (pale skin) hair loss periods of lightheadedness constipation sleepiness heart palpitations feeling faint or fainting depression fatigue weakness trouble breathing unusual food cravings tingling and numbness of the joints menstrual issues (such as missed periods or very heavy cycles) depression poor concentration

Appendicitis is swelling (inflammation) of the appendix. The appendix is a small pouch attached to the beginning of your large intestine .. that pouch is known as caecum. What causes appendix? Appendicitis occurs when the appendix becomes blocked, often by stool, a foreign body, or cancer. Blockage may also occur from infection, since the appendix swells in response to any infection in the body. The cause of appendicitis isn't always clear. Sometimes appendicitis can occur as a result of: An obstruction. Food waste or a hard piece of stool (fecal stone) can block the opening of the cavity that runs the length of your appendix. An infection. Appendicitis may also follow an infection, such as a gastrointestinal viral infection, or it may result from other types of inflammation. In both cases, bacteria inside the appendix multiply rapidly, causing the appendix to become inflamed, swollen and filled with pus. If not treated promptly, the appendix can rupture. Symptoms of appen

What are aphthous mouth ulcers? Aphthous mouth ulcers are painful sores that can occur anywhere inside the mouth. They are the most common type of mouth ulcer. At least 1 in 5 people can develop aphthous mouth ulcers at some stage in their life. Women are affected more often than men. There are three types: Minor aphthous ulcers Major aphthous ulcers Herpetiform ulcers Minor aphthous ulcers  are the most common (8 in 10 cases). They are small, round, or oval, and are less than 10 mm across. They look pale yellow, but the area around them may look swollen and red. Only one ulcer may develop, but up to five may appear at the same time. Each ulcer lasts 7-10 days, and then goes without leaving a scar. They are not usually very painful. Major aphthous ulcers  occur in about 1 in 10 cases. They tend to be 10 mm or larger across. Usually only one or two appear at a time. Each ulcer lasts from two weeks to several months, but will heal leaving a scar. They can be v

Bacteria first appeared on earth about 3.6 billion years ago, long before the appearance of Homo sapiens around 100,000 years ago.. Van Leeuwenhoek was the first person to visualize, graphically illustrate, and label "animalcules" (bacteria) that he found in plaque scraped from his own teeth. A biofilm is an aggregate of microorganisms in which cells are stuck to each other and/or to a surface. These adherent cells are frequently embedded within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilm EPS, which is also referred to as "slime," is a polymeric jumble of DNA, proteins and polysaccharides. A biofilm is a complex aggregation of microorganisms growing on a solid substrate. Biofilms are characterized by structural heterogeneity, genetic diversity, complex community interactions, and an extracellular matrix of polymeric substances. More properly known as biofilm , slime cities thrive wherever there is water - in the kit

You can reduce your risk of prostate cancer if you: Exercise most days of the week. Maintain a healthy weight. Choose a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables. Choose healthy foods over supplements. Talk to your doctor about increased risk of prostate cancer.

Factors that can increase your risk of prostate cancer include: Older age. Being black. Family history of prostate or breast cancer. Obesity.

These symptoms include: A need to urinate frequently, especially at night. Difficulty in having an erection. Painful ejaculation. Blood in urine or semen. Difficulty starting urination or holding back urine. Weak or interrupted flow of urine. Painful or burning urination.

"Glaucoma results from damage to the optic nerve. Usually the damage is from increased pressure in the eye. The damage to the eye is irreversible and glaucoma can lead to blindness. The most common form, open-angle glaucoma, generally appears in middle age and seems to have a genetic component. In this type of glaucoma, vision loss occurs very gradually. One eye is often worse than the other. Other types of glaucoma are closed-angle glaucoma (a medical emergency) and congenital glaucoma (present at birth). Secondary glaucoma is usually associated with another eye disease or disorder, such as a very mature cataract, uveitis, bleeding, eye tumor, or an eye injury Symptoms: At the time of a closed-angle glaucoma attack, symptoms include: Severe eye or brow pain. Redness of the eye. Decreased or blurred vision. Seeing colored rainbows or halos. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Causes: Glaucoma usually occurs when pressure in your eye increases. This can happen w

The symptoms of pinkeye differ based on the cause of the inflammation, but may include: Redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelid Increased amount of tears Thick yellow discharge that crusts over the eyelashes, especially after sleep Green or white discharge from the eye Itchy eyes Burning eyes Blurred vision Increased sensitivity to light

People with an average risk of colon cancer can consider screening beginning at age 50. But people with an increased risk, such as those with a family history of colon cancer, should consider screening sooner. African-Americans and American Indians may consider beginning colon cancer screening at age 45. Several screening options exist — each with its own benefits and drawbacks. Talk about your options with your doctor, and together you can decide which tests are appropriate for you. Make lifestyle changes to reduce your risk You can take steps to reduce your risk of colon cancer by making changes in your everyday life. Take steps to: Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains.   Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all . Stop smoking.   Exercise most days of the week.   Maintain a healthy weight. Colon cancer prevention for people with a high risk Some treatments, including medications and surgery, have been found to reduce the risk of precancerous polyps or

The initial symptoms of bowel cancer include: blood in your stools (faeces) or bleeding from your rectum. a change to your normal bowel habits that persists for more than three weeks, such as diarrhoea, unexplained weight loss. constipation or passing stools more frequently than usual. abdominal pain.

Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease in which the normally roundcornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape. This cone shape deflects light as it enters the eye on its way to the light-sensitive retina, causing distorted vision. The earliest signs of keratoconus are usually blurred vision and frequent changes in eye glass prescription, or vision that cannot be corrected with glasses. Symptoms of keratoconus generally begin in late teenage years or early twenties, but can start at any time.                                                                                               Other symptoms: Difficultly driving at night A halo around lights and ghosting (especially at night) Eye strain Headaches and general eye pain Eye irritation, excessive eye rubbing

                                Obesity is generally caused by eating too much and moving too little. Many factors influence body weight—genes, though the effect is small, and heredity is not destiny; prenatal and early life influences; poor diets; too much television watching; too little physical activity and sleep; and our food and physical activity environment. Inactivity.  If you're not very active, you don't burn as many calories. With a sedentary lifestyle, you can easily take in more calories every day than you use through exercise and normal daily activities. Lack of physical activity is another important factor related to obesity. Many people have jobs that involve sitting at a desk for most of the day. They also rely on their cars, rather than walking or cycling.When people relax, they tend to watch TV, browse the internet or play computer games, and rarely take regular exercise.If you are not active enough, you do not use the energy provided by the food yo

Diabetes insipidus (die-uh-BEE-teze in-SIP-uh-dus) is an uncommon disorder characterized by intense thirst, despite the drinking of fluids (polydipsia), and the excretion of large amounts of urine (polyuria). In most cases, it's the result of your body not properly producing, storing or releasing a key hormone, but diabetes insipidus can also occur when your kidneys are unable to respond properly to that hormone. Rarely, diabetes insipidus can occur during pregnancy (gestational diabetes insipidus). You may assume diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus — the more common form of diabetes involving blood sugar — are related. Although the disorders share a name and have some common signs, diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) and diabetes insipidus are unrelated. Treatments are available to relieve your thirst and normalize your urine output.

Human immunodeficiency virus infection / acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The term HIV/AIDS represents the entire range of disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus from early infection to late stage symptoms. During the initial infection, a person may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness. This is typically followed by a prolonged period without symptoms. As the illness progresses, it interferes more and more with the immune system, making the person much more likely to get infections, including opportunistic infections and tumorsthat do not usually affect people who have working immune systems. CAUSES HIV is not spread to a person who donates blood or organs. People who donate organs are never in direct contact with people who receive them. Likewise, a person who donates blood is never in contact with the person receiving it. In all these

Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes — and the less controlled your blood sugar — the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. Possible complications include: Cardiovascular disease.  Diabetes dramatically increases the risk of various cardiovascular problems, including coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you are more likely to have heart disease or stroke. Nerve damage (neuropathy).  Excess sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish your nerves, especially in your legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Left untreated, you could lose all sense of feeling in the affected limbs. Damage to the nerves related to digestio

Nonsurgical treatments If periodontitis isn't advanced, treatment may involve less invasive procedures, including: Scaling.  Scaling removes tartar and bacteria from your tooth surfaces and beneath your gums. It may be performed using instruments or an ultrasonic device. Root planing.  Root planing smoothes the root surfaces, discouraging further buildup of tartar and bacterial endotoxin. Antibiotics.  Your periodontist or dentist may recommend using topical or oral antibiotics to help control bacterial infection. Topical antibiotics can include antibiotic mouth rinses or insertion of gels containing antibiotics in the space between your teeth and gums or into pockets after deep cleaning.  However, oral antibiotics may be necessary to completely eliminate infection-causing bacteria. Surgical Treatments for Gum Disease Some treatments for gum disease are surgical. Some examples are: Flap surgery/pocket reduction surgery.  During this procedure t

Try these measures to reduce or prevent periodontitis: Brush your teeth twice a day or, better yet, after every meal or snack. Floss daily. Get regular professional dental cleanings, on a schedule recommended by your dentist. Use a soft toothbrush and replace it at least every three to four months. Consider using an electric toothbrush, which may be more effective at removing plaque and tartar. Use a mouth rinse to help reduce plaque between your teeth. Supplement brushing and flossing with an interdental cleaner, such as a dental pick, interdental brush or dental stick specially designed to clean between your teeth.

Obesity in childrenShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version Obesity means having too much body fat. It is not the same as overweight, which means a child’s weight is in the upper range of children of the same age and height. Overweight may be due to extra muscle, bone, or water, as well as too much fat. Both terms mean that a child’s weight is higher than what is thought to be healthy. Causes When children eat more food than their bodies need for normal growth and activity, the extra calories are stored in fat cells for later use. If this pattern continues over time, they develop more fat cells and may develop obesity. Normally, infants and young children respond to signals of hunger and fullness so that they do not consume more calories than their bodies need. However, changes over the last few decades in lifestyle and food choices have led to the rise of obesity among children. Children are surrounded by many things that make it easy

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. The two most common types are basal cell cancer and squamous cell cancer. They usually form on the head, face, neck, hands, and arms. Another type of skin cancer, melanoma, is more dangerous but less common. Anyone can get skin cancer, but it is more common in people who Have light-colored skin, hair and eyes Have a family member with skin cancer Spend a lot of time in  the sun or have been sunburned Are over age 50 You should have your doctor check any suspicious skin markings and any changes in the way your skin looks. Treatment is more likely to work well when cancer is found early. If not treated, some types of skin cancer cells can spread to other tissues and organs. Treatments include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and biologic therapy. PDT uses a drug and a type of laser light to kill cancer cells. Biologic therapy boosts your body's own ability to fig

Bacterial Vaginosis Chlamydia Genital Herpes Gonorrhea Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Human Papillomavirus Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) Pubic Lice (Crabs) Scabies Syphilis Trichomoniasis Chancroid Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Scabies

Strokes: A stroke happens when blood flow to a part of the brain stops. A stroke is sometimes called a "brain attack." If blood flow is stopped for longer than a few seconds, the brain cannot get blood and oxygen. Brain cells can die, causing permanent damage. There are two major types of stroke: Ischemic stroke Hemorrhagic stroke Ischaemic strokes: A stroke that is caused by a blood clot is called an ischaemic stroke (i-sck-ee-mic). In everyday life, blood clotting is beneficial. When you are bleeding from a wound, blood clots work to slow and eventually stop the bleeding. In the case of a stroke, however, blood clots are dangerous because they can block arteries and cut off blood flow. this kind of stroke may be  thrombolic stroke or the embolic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke:    It results from a weakened vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain. The blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. The two types of hemorrhagic strokes are