Slides

HYPERTENSION DEFINITION : DEFINITION Hypertension (high BP) is a disease of vascular regulation in which the mechanisms that control arterial pressure within the normal range are altered. Predominant mechanisms of control are the central nervous system (CNS), the renal pressor system (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system), and extracellular fluid volume. TYPES OF HYPERTENSION : TYPES OF HYPERTENSION PRIMARY HYPERTENSION SECONDARY HYPERTENSION ACCELERATED HYPERTENSION CLASSIFICATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE FOR ADULTS : CLASSIFICATION OF BLOOD PRESSURE FOR ADULTS PRIMARY HYPERTENSION : PRIMARY HYPERTENSION Also called as Essential Hypertension Approx. 95% of patients Diastolic -- 90 mm of Hg Systolic -- 140 mm of Hg or more CAUSES : CAUSES Idiopathic Hyperactivity of sympathetic vasoconstricting nerves Presence of vasoactive substance on smooth muscle Increased cardiac output, followed by arteriole constriction Excessive dietary sodium intake, sodium retention, insulin re...